The goals and objectives are to reconstruct the paleo-lake elevations of Lake Michigan which has fluctuated significantly since deglaciation ~17, calendar years ago. (Note ages in this proposal are given in calendar years unless followed by 14C BP indicating radiocarbon years.) A very detailed lake level record of Lake Michigan (and Huron) has been reconstructed for the last 47 years by using the age and elevation of foreshore sediments in beach ridges in various embayments around Lake Michigan (Baedke and Thompson, 2 and references therein). However, this lake-level record only goes back 47 years when lake level dropped from the Nipissing II level. The lake level between the Nipissing II level and the Algonquin is not well constrained. This low lake level (initially ~8 m below modern values [Colman et al., 1994a,b]), known as the Chippewa, has no subaerially exposed geomorphic indicators from which the lake level can be reconstructed. The first objective is to reconstruct the lake level curve for the time between the Chippewa and Nipissing II levels. The second objective is to look for the ~16 yr lake-level fluctuation or other quasi-periodic fluctuations in lake level between the Chippewa and Nipissing II phases of Lake Michigan that have been documented for the last 47 years (Thompson, 1992; Baedke and Thompson, 2 ). The third objective is to identify the low lake levels in estuaries of the southwestern coast of Michigan since 1918 using sedimentologic indicators constrained by 21 Pb and 137Cs dating. Then use this calibrated methodology to search for low lake stands older than the instrumented record.
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General
Annex
General
- Scope of Study
Scope of StudyField Investigation
- Scale of Phenomena
Scale of PhenomenaPhysical/Chemical
- Impact of Pollutants
- Processes
ProcessesNatural Physical/Geological Processes
- Land Use and Habitat
Land Use and HabitatShoreline
- Resource Management
- Socio-Economic
- State / Province
State ProvinceMichigan
- Lake Basin / Connecting Channels
Lake Basin Connecting ChannelsLake Michigan
Monitoring
Aquatic Nuisance Species
Annex
- Annex Numbers
Annex NumbersResearch & Development
- Annex 17
Annex 17Physical and transformational processes affecting delivery of pollutants